score:6
Consider carefully how you asked your question. I think the useful statement would be
It is true that, at some time in the past, barbers provided some surgical procedures while physicians did not.
But that is not actually the answer to the question you asked. There is evidence of surgical procedures from thousands of years ago, long before the barbers you associate with the striped poles. So barbers were not the first surgeons.
"The past" is not a single point in time. It different from century to century, from region to region. An answer that would be correct for 16th century Europe could be wrong for 3rd century China.
Many people who ask and talk about history will either overestimate or underestimate ancient civilizations. Take the famous Antikythera mechanism, a kind of mechanical calculator for astronomical events. When it was found, the reaction by many experts was "wow, I didn't think that the ancient Greek were that advanced." What some sloppy journalists made out of it was "advanced civilization in ancient Greece." But even with Antikythera mechanism, the ancient Greek were less advanced than 20th century science. Probably even less advanced than 13th or 14th century science, overall.