How important were reprints of scientific articles in scientific practice and communications before the the copier, the computer and the internet?
Upvote:4
I do not think anything changed between 1900 and the spread of computers. The normal practice with mathematical journals was this: he journal offered to the authors certain number of free reprints, plus additional ones could be purchased. This number varied, usually from 0 to 100, sometimes more. Typical in the 1970s was 50. The author would send them to other mathematicians who on his/her opinion might be interested. Some of them would be sent to libraries. On the other hand, anyone interested in having a particular paper would send a postcard to the author, asking for a reprint. I have in my collection reprints of early 20th century mathematicians, including Poincare, but I cannot trace completely the way how they come to me. Some were discarded by libraries, some passed as inheritance from mathematicians who retired or died, together with some books.
Many mathematicians did not care to send their reprints (an in many cases there were too many), so they usually lied in piles in their offices and every visitor could take them. Myself I discarded all my reprints in the early 90s, leaving one copy of each.
More post
- 📝 Would Victorian era British soldiers wear their short sword bayonets while wearing uniform when off duty?
- 📝 Are there thirteenth century sources linking the Fifth Crusade to the Book Of Daniel?
- 📝 What names did the ancient Egyptians give to different stages of their history?
- 📝 Help needed to identify this badge, probably from World War Two
- 📝 How did the Trojan allies get to Troy?
- 📝 Did early nineteenth century commoners know their royalty?
- 📝 Manichaeism almost becoming state religion of Roman Empire
- 📝 Why did the Irish Free State suppress news of the Holocaust in 1945? Reaction once it became known?
- 📝 Anthropophagy perpetrated by crusaders?
- 📝 Did Cossack cavalry defeat German tanks during WW2?
- 📝 When did Soviet authorities first plan/conceive of migrating their industry if war broke out?
- 📝 Why were the Germans during the Nazi era so inventive?
- 📝 What police uniforms are being worn in the film "Alone in Berlin"?
- 📝 When were public roads cleaned electromagnetically?
- 📝 what is the history of naming newborn in different community?
- 📝 Buying/Renting/Leasing houses during history?
- 📝 Were Russians in the cold war era USA discriminated against for their ethnicity?
- 📝 Why did Constantius Chlorus decide to become a Flavius?
- 📝 My father (DOB 09/03/1919) entered the army 01/1942. By 12/42 he made Sgt. He was a 1st Sgt. when separated 10/45. Is this unusual?
- 📝 Why Californian Indian leader Estanislao was named after Polish martyr?
- 📝 Were slave rowers ever chained to the ship?
- 📝 What were Hitler's religious beliefs?
- 📝 Has there ever been an attempted military takeover of a democracy in the western world?
- 📝 How obvious was lend-lease equipment to the average Soviet soldier?
- 📝 Why the belt or strap in some plate armor and some other armor exposed in the middle front side?
- 📝 How much has U.S. currency inflated since 1792?
- 📝 What is the main difference between an Emperor, a King, a Char, a Sultan, a Dictator, a Dynast and a Tyrant?
- 📝 Is there any sort of list of Roman senators?
- 📝 Were wealthy people and royals of medieval time able to distinguish real diamond/pearl/gold from fake?
- 📝 What happened in Kazakhstan that its population dropped from 16m to 14m between 1992 - 2001?
Source: stackoverflow.com
Search Posts
Related post
- 📝 How important were reprints of scientific articles in scientific practice and communications before the the copier, the computer and the internet?
- 📝 How important were Einstein and Szilard and other scientists to the creation and ultimate success of the Manhattan Project?
- 📝 How were concentration and extermination camp guards recruited?
- 📝 How were drawbridges and portcullises used tactically?
- 📝 How were the cities of Milan and Bruges spared by the Black Death?
- 📝 How many lives were estimated to have been saved by the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombs?
- 📝 How were diplomats and their staffs treated when World War II was declared?
- 📝 How expensive were castles? And how were the costs distributed?
- 📝 Were bookshops 'common' in the late 19th century, and how did they differ from modern ones?
- 📝 How accurate and detailed were geographical maps created and updated by the Romans?
- 📝 How were servants to the Kaiser of Imperial Germany treated and where may I find more information on them?
- 📝 How were the British and French armies invited into Belgium in 1914?
- 📝 How did people say “I have to go to the bathroom” before the bathroom and pipes were common?
- 📝 Why and how were east Brandenburg, Pomerania and Silesia taken away from Germany after WW2?
- 📝 How many pens were used by MacArthur to end the final chapter of World War II and where are they now?
- 📝 How successful were Einsatzkommando Tunis and how much was Rommel complicit?
- 📝 How many firearms were owned by civilian population between 1836 and 1912 in USA?
- 📝 How were interracial relationships between African-Americans and Latinos treated in Southern states before the Loving decision?
- 📝 How alcoholic were ancient Greek and Roman wines, before and after dilution?
- 📝 How were the Morisco refugees from Europe received in North Africa, given that they were foreigners and Christian?
- 📝 How widespread was practice of fusion of Graeco-Roman and barbarian names?
- 📝 How different were Labour and Conservative party lines on race immigration and empire in around 1962?
- 📝 How were the British and French Mandates in the Levantine area involved in WWII?
- 📝 What universities existed in Dutch East Indies, and how available were they to the native population?
- 📝 How do the kings and important figures in history get the titles?
- 📝 What were the limitations on possession of wealth in Soviet Russia and how were they enforced?
- 📝 How were maps drawn and printed in the late 19th-early 20th centuries?
- 📝 How many British prisoners of war were taken by the Wehrmacht and how many died?
- 📝 How did philosophical and scientific knowledge in Christian Europe in 1085 compare to the body of knowledge contained in the library of Toledo?
- 📝 Where and how were the catapults/trebuchets operators trained?