Why is the charter of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations signed "HOWARD"?
score:19
Most likely because it was signed by Sir Robert Howard of Ashtead, Surrey[1], son of Thomas Howard the 1st Earl of Berkshire. As a royalist, he was made Clerk of Patents in Chancery[2] in June 1660, presumably as a reward. He appears to have stayed in that position until 1664[3].
Letters patents, including royal charters, are not signed by the Lord Privy Seal. Instead, he formulates the draft into a Writ of Privy Seal and transmits it to the Lord Keeper. The actual document is then drawn up by the Clerk of Patents, who attests to the result with his own signature.[4]
Connecticut received its royal charter in 1662, and Rhode Island in 1663. Both grants were apparently made during Robert Howard's tenure, which explains why they would be signed "Howard".
Notes
1. Sir Howard went on to become Member of Parliament for Stockbridge and later Castle Rising, and held the post of Auditor of the Receipts of the Exchequer until his death.
2. Green, Mary Anne Everett, and Francis Lawrance Bickley. Calendar of State Papers, Domestic Series, of the Reign of Charles II: 1660-1685. Vol. 1. HM Stationery Office, 1860.
3. The History of Parliament
4. Bates, Albert Carlos. The Charter of Connecticut: a Study. Connecticut Historical Society, 1932. - "... The actual engrossing of the Patent is done by an officer known as the Clerk of Patents, who at the end indicates the authority under which the Chancery has ordered the Patent to be drawn out, and attests it with his signature. The most common formula is "By writ of Privy Seal" or its Latin equivalent ..."
More post
- 📝 Did the Roman senate immediately send new governors after the death of proconsuls/propraetors?
- 📝 Did Joseph II introduce the presumption of innocence in his legal code?
- 📝 What was the point of the Babylonian captivity?
- 📝 Why does Charles Lindbergh appear to avoid England in 1927?
- 📝 How did Germany survive on the Eastern Front of WW2 for so long?
- 📝 Who considered themselves as "Prussian"?
- 📝 How did Churchill and Stalin intend to translate the percentages in the "Percentages agreement"?
- 📝 Is Kemal Atatürk responsible for Armenian Genocide?
- 📝 Who was the first retailer in Monterey, California?
- 📝 How would one refer to/address a Shogun?
- 📝 Has the United States paid US dollars as reparations to children other than a "child" of Japanese American internees during World War II?
- 📝 Does anyone know a quote, from an opponent of MLK (e.g. a sheriff) which presents him as radical?
- 📝 How common was the German desire for revenge for the humiliation of 1918 armistice?
- 📝 Why didn't slaves just leave?
- 📝 What did people die of in 1665 London?
- 📝 During the Middle Ages, how many people could be fed by fishing?
- 📝 Were sailing ships of the line understaffed with gunnery crews so that there were not enough for 2 broadsides?
- 📝 How many people were executed during the reign of Henry VIII?
- 📝 Who were some of the specific people in the Renaissance who wrote about their period being different from the Middle Ages?
- 📝 What happens if a vassal inherits not under the control of their sovereign?
- 📝 What is an example of effective flanking maneuvers in medieval battles?
- 📝 How voluntary was Sati during the Mughal era?
- 📝 When did McFaul & Sechin first meet?
- 📝 Did Jinnah in 1947 or 1946 forsake his demand for Pakistan on the condition of maximum autonomy for the provinces within the united India?
- 📝 What events led to the fall of the Zhou Dynasty during the Warring States period?
- 📝 Prior to 1963 did a British nobleman ever disclaim or renounce his title? What would have happened if someone had tried?
- 📝 How much of what we know about ancient philosophers comes from oral literature?
- 📝 Why were there no religious wars in Poland?
- 📝 Are there confirmed cases where a country changed its language without being conquered?
- 📝 Why was Lithuania not colonized by Soviet Union?
Source: stackoverflow.com
Search Posts
Related post
- 📝 Why is the charter of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations signed "HOWARD"?
- 📝 Why did the Chinese Nationalist party members go to the island of Taiwan and not to any other island?
- 📝 Why does the United States keep using "old" date representations and imperial system, while being in the minority?
- 📝 Why is the consensus that WW2 started on September 1, 1939 and not July 7, 1937?
- 📝 Why didn't France and the UK invade Germany in September 1939?
- 📝 Why are the German and French languages so different?
- 📝 Why did Britain and France not declare war against the Soviet Union when it invaded Poland in WW2?
- 📝 Why did LBJ, a staunch segregationist, champion and sign the 1964 Civil Rights Bill?
- 📝 Why didn't the US and USSR jam each other's early-warning radar?
- 📝 If the Union Jack joins the flag of England and Scotland, why does it have a different shade of blue than the Scottish flag?
- 📝 Why were helmets and other body armour not commonplace in the 1800s?
- 📝 Why did Bayer lose aspirin and heroin trademarks under the 1919 Treaty of Versailles?
- 📝 Why were the drawings of Colossus burnt after WW2 and why was its very existence "of course" kept secret?
- 📝 Why did only the English adopt, evolve and use the longbow en masse in war?
- 📝 When and why did the use of the lifespans of royalty to limit clauses in contracts come about?
- 📝 Why weren't pickled fruits and vegetables part of (European) rations during the Age of Sail?
- 📝 Why did Italy abandon its alliance with Germany in WW1 and join the Allied side?
- 📝 Why were British ships not of the same quality as French and Spanish ships until the latter part of the 18th century?
- 📝 Why is the island of Java so populated?
- 📝 Why did the Soviet Union close its borders and restrict travel abroad?
- 📝 Why are the USA and Canada's states border so straight?
- 📝 Why did Stalin and the Soviet leadership have Leon Trotsky assassinated?
- 📝 Why are the French and Indian Wars / Seven Years' War not considered WW 1?
- 📝 Why didn't the Moroccans try to explore and conquer the New World?
- 📝 When and why was the samurai class abolished?
- 📝 How and why was the boundary between West and East Berlin decided to be where it was?
- 📝 Why were the Germans and Russians so fixated on an unlikely "separate peace" in 1945?
- 📝 Why was the US so pro-China and so anti-Japan before WW2?
- 📝 Why was the Red Army successful against the Japanese in 1939 but perform poorly against Finland 1939-40 and early part of WW2?
- 📝 Why did the Monitor and Merrimac (aka Virginia) have such radically different designs?