Were any tactical missiles used during the 1971 Indo Pakistan war?
score:2
Depends on your definition of tactical missile, but no.
Both Malyutka and TOW were brand new back then. They were first employed a year later in Vietnam, and after that in Middle East. India and Pakistan got their respective versions even later. Reasons could be that neither country was that close to, and important for, the two superpowers (India for the Soviet Union, and Pakistan for the USA). Therefore, they only got weapons technology with certain delay.
For example, Pakistan never received the F-4 Phantom II, a plane that Israel, being politically much closer to the USA, already had at that time. They also didn't receive the F-5 which did serve in South Vietnam. Pakistan had the F-86 (already obsolete and replaced in US inventory) and the F-104A, a version that was short-lived in USAAF inventory and replaced by 1971. In fact the US arms embargo, introduced after the India-Pakistan war of 1965, was still in effect a few years after the 1971 war.
The Soviet Union was more pragmatic in this regard, so they did supply India with certain weapon types cleared for export. India had the Mig-21 FL, a somewhat downgraded version for Third World countries. They also received P-15 Termit and T-54/55 tanks, but S-75 Dvina was never sold to India. Usual Soviet policy at that time was to sell relatively modern equipment to Third World allies, but somewhat downgraded and already introduced into Soviet service. This is opposite of modern Russian practice to sometimes sell newest and not yet introduced equipment to countries like India, in order to gain necessary funds.
One thing worth mentioning is that neither side had ballistic missiles at that time. At that time US did not develop short ranged ballistic missiles, and did not sell them to allied countries. PGM-11 Redstone was already retired in 1971. Soviet Union did offer Scud and Luna missiles on the international market, but again first and foremost to closer allies and in any case after 1971. Both India and Pakistan later developed nuclear weapons and their own indigenous ballistic missiles for delivery.
As a final note, it appears that both sides did not posses multiple rocket launchers in their artillery units during the war. This is somewhat strange, especially since Soviet Union did export BM-13, BM-14 and BM-21 in those years. Instead, both India and Pakistan appear to have relied on conventional tube artillery.
More post
- 📝 Did the University of California and University of Geneva award honorary degrees to Inazo Nitobe?
- 📝 Who was the most successful German spy against Great Britain in WWII, from the contemporary German perspective?
- 📝 When did countries start developing military aircraft?
- 📝 Could the Confederates have done better at Gettysburg if they had put cavalry in front of, rather than behind, Pickett's charge?
- 📝 Why didn't Ronald Reagan become Republican candidate for the President of the USA in 1976?
- 📝 First-hand sources for medieval urban life in central Europe
- 📝 In Dutch history two people are referred to as "William III"; are there any more cases where this happens?
- 📝 Why was the British University Grants Committee abolished in 1988?
- 📝 What happened to UK national debt when the NHS was created?
- 📝 Inviting rulers vs taking power
- 📝 How historically accurate is 'India: A History' by John Keay?
- 📝 What was a "census" (some sort of compensation) in early medieval Europe?
- 📝 What proportion of women died in childbirth before modern times?
- 📝 Why haven't Etruscan texts survived?
- 📝 If the Iraq War was because of their oil, has the US achieved their war aims
- 📝 Was there any empire that was destroyed while still expanding?
- 📝 To what degree did women participate in the air war during WW2?
- 📝 What would have been on the menu in an Ancient Egyptian tavern?
- 📝 Were Archimedes screws used in pre-modern times in the far east?
- 📝 Can you identify this seemingly British uniform in a presumably French portrait?
- 📝 What was the first emergency management agency in the world?
- 📝 Did any intelligence agents defect to the Cheka before 1921?
- 📝 In 18th century America, how did people board ships to travel long distance?
- 📝 Were sanctions used against East Germany?
- 📝 When & what are the first recorded peacetime uses of soldiers?
- 📝 Which country can be called the successor of the Roman Empire, after 476?
- 📝 What salary did Hitler draw as Führer?
- 📝 Why was Japanese Unit 731 immune from War Crime trials?
- 📝 Are there historical examples of non-Christian martyrs who were persecuted and killed because they claimed to be firsthand eyewitnesses of a miracle?
- 📝 Is this newspaper article describing the Battle of Glorieta Pass?
Source: stackoverflow.com
Search Posts
Related post
- 📝 Were any tactical missiles used during the 1971 Indo Pakistan war?
- 📝 What field guns, howitzers and mortars were used by the Indian Army and the Pakistan Army during the 1971 war?
- 📝 During World War II, were there any parts of the Japanese overseas empire that was capable of local re-supply?
- 📝 When did the Pakistan army used tank for the first time during the 1971 Bangladesh war?
- 📝 What drugs were used in England during the High Middle Ages?
- 📝 How beneficial were war bonds to the US during WWII
- 📝 Were there any travel restrictions during the Black Death pandemic?
- 📝 Were there any high-ranking female soldiers during the Middle ages?
- 📝 During World War 1, were any policies in place to handle large scale troop mutiny?
- 📝 How were the Bulgarians regarded by the Nazis during World War II?
- 📝 During World War I, why were church bells stopped until the war was over?
- 📝 Were there any war movies made during WW2 that were well regarded by front-line American soldiers?
- 📝 Were there any Roman villas in Britain which were used rather than destroyed after the Romans left?
- 📝 What were the individual soldiers motivated by during World War 1?
- 📝 How many pens were used by MacArthur to end the final chapter of World War II and where are they now?
- 📝 Were any works completely lost during the Nazi book burnings?
- 📝 During the Normandy landings, were any German naval assets brought to bear against the Allies?
- 📝 Were there any political checks on the U.S. executive during their covert support of the military junta of Pinochet?
- 📝 What weapons were manufactured in India by the British forces which were used during world wars?
- 📝 Were there any naval engagements during the Mongol invasions of Japan?
- 📝 During the Sengoku-jidai, what were shinobi (aka ninja) used for?
- 📝 During the 1930-40s - World War 2 - were children taught English in Nazi Germany?
- 📝 Were B-17s (rather than B-29s) ever used to bomb mainland Japanese territory during WW2 (at least before the capture of Okinawa)?
- 📝 What were factors that led to a decline in bond yields during World War II given that the opposite should have happened?
- 📝 What deaths were caused by weapons deployed during a war long after the war has ended?
- 📝 Was the Seven Years’ War the first time dogs were used to carry messages?
- 📝 During World War II, in the U.S., were diapers available?
- 📝 What were conditions like for Chinese men subject to recruitment by the army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and Chinese Civil War?
- 📝 Were there any abolitionists imprisoned for being critical of the Congress or the President during the American Civil War?
- 📝 Were there restrictions on German refugees entering the US during World War II?