Homo Sapiens Sapiens: Are genetic studies to be trusted?
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No, this interpretation is misleading.
Let's say that you analyze the ancient level of inheritance where you had one hundred grand-grand-parents. Using mitochondrial DNA you can only research only one of these 100 grand-grand-parents, the single grand-grand-mother that is in the most maternal position in the tree. In other words only mother-of-mother-of-mother(-of).
This is because mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from a mother (Wikipedia). If mother has only sons, they do recombine her DNA further, except mitochondrial DNA. This mother has her line of mitochondrial DNA lost forever.
So even if a scientist determined that only seven distinct most-maternal-grandmothers exist it still says nothing about the giant number of the rest of grandmothers and nothing at all about grandfathers.
PS. It is impossible to determine if these seven women lived in the same generation (quite unlikely!).
PPS. And seven women aren't a "founding population" because they are not even a "population" per standard definition.
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Source: stackoverflow.com
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