How did Azerbaijan come to be allied with Turkey and Israel?

Upvote:13

Your reading of how alliances work is a bit too on the nose.

Religious and political links are a major factor. But they definitely aren't the only one. The word 'technically' is misapplied here.

Another factor is common adversaries. Azerbaijan has a long running conflict with Armenia, as you know. Turkey has also had major conflicts with Armenia. This is a reason they are on the same side as the Azeris here.

Turkey historically has had major conflicts with the Arab countries and been aligned with the United States (though not any longer). Also aligned with USA and in conflict with Arab states: Israel.

Iran OTOH has been an opponent of the US since the late 70s. When the US has asked its allies, including Azerbaijan, to cease trading with Iran or seize its assets, they've generally complied. Iran correctly interprets that as detrimental to its interests.

Democracies fight with democracies. Communist states fight with communist states. And so on. It's not that unusual.

Upvote:15

  • Turkey and Azerbaijan are historically the same nation. The slogan is "one nation two states". So Sunni/Shia difference is not very important. Both countries also have important economic ties such as gas and oil pipelines. In addition, both countries had conflicts with Armenia. So alliance is natural
  • Iran has a major Azeri population. Historically the south Azerbaijan now belongs to Iran. Today's Azerbaijan is historically North Azerbaijan. So Iran is uncomfortable with a strong Azerbaijan. Israel is probably hoping to divert Iran's energy into this domestic Azeri problem by helping Azerbaijan. Azerbaijan is also a good military customer for Israel
  • Iran is also trying to block Turkey's access to other Turkic states in Central Asia. Iran and Turkey became rivals mostly because of Iran's Shia expansion in Syria, Iraq, Lebanon etc.
  • The problem may get more complicated if Russia and the US get involved.

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