Who first combined the lateen and square sails that led to the carrack?
score:7
As the Portuguese gradually extended their explorations and trade ever further south along Africa's Atlantic coast during the 15th century they needed a larger and more advanced ship for their long oceanic adventures. Gradually, they developed the carrack from a fusion and modification of aspects of the ship types they knew operating in both the Atlantic and Mediterranean and a new, more advanced form of sail rigging that allowed much improved sailing characteristics in the heavy winds and waves of the Atlantic ocean.
So this was a gradual process. Earlier Carracks used clinker planking rather than carvel planking. There was no first carrack or definite date of the first carrack. Many older carvel were modified into carracks by adding a foresail, a square mainsail, and a lateen mizzen. However, most left off the high forecastle and the sternplace. These were called caravela redonda (not to be confused with the Portugese fighting ship of the 16th cenury of the same name). The Niña was a caravela redonda.
The Portuguese continued to develop the Carrack well after it was considered the main beast of burden of the Age of Exploration:
A new sail, the topsail emerged above the mainsail in the late 15th Century, first as a small yard and sail on the flagstaff rising from the top, then as a full-sized sail on its own mast attached to the mainmast. Later, also the foremast got its topsail.
By the end of the reign of the carrack, a third sail, the topgallant sail had appeared in some ships above the topsail in its topgallant mast.
So the carrack continued to develop throughout the 15th century and even into the mid-16th century. The first "carrack" was probably a modified caravel. We do not know for sure who first came up with the idea, if there was but one man; if ever it has been known, it has long since been lost to history.
Sources:
More post
- 📝 Why haven't Etruscan texts survived?
- 📝 What's the Ancient Egyptian word for "benedict"?
- 📝 What was more expensive to lose in a gladiatorial fight: a gladiator or a rare animal?
- 📝 Was there discrimination against Jewish people at the entrance exams to the most prestigious universities in the USSR?
- 📝 How did gong farmers see when cleaning out cesspits?
- 📝 Was Cossack cavalry ineffective relative to other troops?
- 📝 Why did Virginia let Kentucky become a separate state?
- 📝 Why did slave dealers and buyers in the Antebellum South especially value enslaved persons with "good teeth" and "good front teeth"?
- 📝 Why wasn't there French irredentism or pan-fransicm?
- 📝 How did Scipio Africanus recruit his army for Zama?
- 📝 How literate were common people in Medieval Europe?
- 📝 Did the Ptolemaic Egyptians know how old the Pyramids were?
- 📝 Is the expression "Seal of" on the Seal of the POTUS redundant?
- 📝 Was there Western tactical air support during the Battle for Berlin?
- 📝 How influential was the Jewish boycott against Nazi Germany?
- 📝 When and why China started to make a difference in the superpower arena?
- 📝 In Studying the peoples of pre-Roman Britain, what are our primary reference sources?
- 📝 Just how fanciful is Egyptology?
- 📝 Could Romania have remained neutral in WWII?
- 📝 What is this household object from early 1900s rural Russia?
- 📝 Where did the term "Indies" come from?
- 📝 When did COVID-19 hit the international news?
- 📝 Real-life examples of finding long-lost treasure?
- 📝 What regiment is this (~1826-1861) French cuirass cavalry uniform?
- 📝 Did the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo intend for Mexicans to live in the USA but under Mexican law?
- 📝 Did the Persian Immortals instill fear in their Greek adversaries?
- 📝 Why were nomadic tribes (like the Mongols) from the Eurasian steppes a much reduced threat from the 15th century onwards?
- 📝 Why was the 1944 surrender of 20,000 Germans on the Western Front remarkable?
- 📝 Who first combined the lateen and square sails that led to the carrack?
- 📝 How can one reliably date a carved stone item or structure?
Source: stackoverflow.com
Search Posts
Related post
- 📝 Who first combined the lateen and square sails that led to the carrack?
- 📝 Who was the first Renaissance cartographer to include rich content in their maps that went beyond spatial points, borders, and location names?
- 📝 Who discovered first that the Moon does not have its own light?
- 📝 Who presided over the election and swearing in of the first Speaker of the House?
- 📝 How did the First French Empire and allies differ from the other European monarchies at that time?
- 📝 When was King John of England given the name 'Dollheart', and who first used it?
- 📝 Who first conceived and developed the acoustic homing torpedo, and when?
- 📝 Who invented and marketed the first "clip on" headphones?
- 📝 On the Ezana Stone, who are the black and red people that the Ethiopian king was referring to?
- 📝 When and where did it first became usual that the ID Card holder signed his card?
- 📝 Who conducted the first "straw poll" in U.S. election politics, and when was it conducted?
- 📝 Who was the first to point out that transmutation of gold would be mostly useless, since it would simply lead to inflation?
- 📝 What was the first recorded reference to the fact that the sun rises and sets at different times across the Earth?
- 📝 What are some examples of famous people in history who made big mistakes that they learnt from and this then led them to succeed?
- 📝 Who is the first person in the 17th century to describe themselves as a "white" person and who invented the term "white race"?
- 📝 Why is the consensus that WW2 started on September 1, 1939 and not July 7, 1937?
- 📝 What led some people to (correctly) believe that there was no land under the ice cap at the North Pole?
- 📝 What led to the first fight in the American Civil War?
- 📝 What was the first solar eclipse that was demonstrably predicted in advance?
- 📝 Is there any evidence that Cleopatra and Caesarion considered fleeing to India to escape the Romans?
- 📝 Who was the last leader of a country to call himself a dictator, or the last regime that called itself a dictatorship?
- 📝 Who was the first female ruler to be given the suffix, "the great"?
- 📝 What is the evidence to claim that political order in ancient Rome was sufficiently different under "kingdom", "republic" and "empire"?
- 📝 When and where were the first coins made showing the currency or a face value?
- 📝 Who are the three men standing and what are they holding at this University of Paris Doctors' Meeting?
- 📝 Who was the first woman ruler?
- 📝 When did the English and Americans realize that vegetables were healthy?
- 📝 Who invented the first flag?
- 📝 Why did Stephen Ambrose believe that the election of Aaron Burr would have led to the end of the USA?
- 📝 How did Moldova and Romania become separate in the first place?