Upvote:4
If you have a US visa which is valid (i.e. already started and not expired yetΒΉ), then you do not need a transit visa for airports in the Schengen Area, regardless of your nationality. This requires you to stay airside at the airport between a flight from outside Schengen and a flight to outside Schengen (which is not possible for all connecting flights). Since you're an Indian citizen, you would not need a transit visa anyway, only nationals of a few countries do.
To enter the Netherlands, as a national of India and most other non-European countries, you will need a Schengen visa. Since you will be staying in the Netherlands, you must get a short stay (type C) visa from the Netherlands. You need to apply to a Dutch embassy or consulate in your country of residence.
ΒΉ An expired visa is ok if you're returning from the US after making use of this visa, i.e. if your visa expired on day D, you left the US on day D and are transiting in Europe on day D+1.