About inter-city and inter-country bus services in Europe

A while ago, my Paris/Nice train ticket was 17 euros, booked maybe 3 months ahead of my trip; booked the day before travel, my friend's ticket on the same train was 60 euros, so booking your train seat months ahead can get you a better price.
Megabus (uk.megabus.com for Europe; us.megabus.com for USA) tickets are much cheaper than Eurolines tickets and the buses are new, double-deckers with WiFi.
They don't go everywhere, but, e.g., Amsterdam to London was 17.50 euros, and if you book very early on Megabus, you can find tickets for 1 euro for long trips. You may have to work out how to get where you want to go, but Megabus is great for the big cities of Europe.

I do not know how is allostop.net, the hitchhiking site, is these days.

The big operator for inter-country bus travel in Europe is, as you found it, Eurolines.

Unfortunately, intercity bus lines are not that well organized. Speaking for France, there are about two or three bus companies in each of the 95 départements, no common database for finding timetables and company web sites more or less amateurish. If you are fluent in french, you can google "bus <departure> <destination>" and hope the found site is up to date. Moreover, until recently intercity travel was a monopoly of the national rail company, thus no correct network has developped, other than the one by Eurolines.

Consider that the bus isn't always the cheapest way to travel through those destinations. In fact, some of those locations might be cheaper to purchase domestic flights through. Double check that the pass is worth it, because 9 times out of 10 tourists buy a bus/rail pass and don't price out that it's cheaper to book individual tickets.

Enjoy your trip!

You can check out Eurolines and Busabout for a bus Europe travel if you're in a budget. My relatives recently traveled there but I remember they have used http://www.voyajo.com/ for their trip.

In many European countries private bus operators are not allowed to compete with the public transportation system. This is the case in France, Switzerland, and the Benelux countries. This means that a bus operator like Eurolines cannot transport people within those countries, even though their buses might have several stops. In Germany the ban on domestic routes has now been mostly lifted, but the bus network is still in its infancy there. So in most case for long distance it's rail.

In many countries the public transportation network is integrated, and buses serve to complement the railway network. For example: In Switzerland you will rarely find a bus service that parallels a railway line, and where such line exist the price will be the same. You can get from Zürich airport using an IC train, a Suburban train, a Tram and even a bus, but you will pay the same price regardless.

So when confronted with a situation where the train from A To B is perceived as being to expensive many people then inquire about a bus service. In countries like Spain or the UK that works. But in other countries there is no alternative.

However, many way to get reduce the costs of train travel exist. The so called "Eurail Pass" however is not one of them. What I always suggest is for long international train trips is to book in advance (you can get London - Basel for 59,- Euro for example) and for local trips just to buy them locally on the spot. There are quite a few good deals to be had.

According to the Timetable tab of the page you mention, there is no service from Rome to Florence included in this pass. However, this does not mean that there is no bus service at all between Rome and Florence. Eurolines Italy has regular services between these two cities.

The countries you mention have excellent train services. As a general rule, trains are more expensive than buses. They are usually more comfortable and faster. Note that these are trends and no universal laws. Trains or bus? It depends on you and the importance you give to criteria like price, comfort and speed.

Regarding bus services, the Eurolines group has the most complete network in Europe. However, there are other more localised/specialised companies. How to find out about them? Do searches on the internet, have a look at travel guides, or ask precise questions on sites like this one (e.g. Which intercity bus companies are operating from Florence? Which companies are operating buses between Rome and Paris? etc.) . I think that outide the Eurolines network, there is no centralised resource on bus travel in Europe, such as there is seat61.com fro train travel.

Also check if a pass is worth the money. You seem to have an idea of where you want to go. Check how much it would cost to buy individual tickets rather than a pass. Feel free to combine bus an train in this case. If you are planning and booking ahead, you can make some good deals. Passes are not necessarily the cheapest option. You have to eat lots of kilometers to make them profitable. However, they give you more freedom. That can also be worth some money.

There are two extreme approaches to planning a trip. (1) Take a pass, look where it lets you go and then plan your trip accordingly. Or buy a pass, plan nothing and let yourself drift along the routes included in the pass. (2) Make a list of places you do want to see and the plan your trip accordingly. Buy individual tickets for trains or buses, whatever suits you best. Possibly combine them with more local passes.

Don't hesitate to dig this site. It has a couple of questions that might be relevant to you, such as e.g. this one.

In western europe most people would agree that train is a better choice than bus to travel around.

If you plan to travel there for 4 weeks I can only recommend you the interrail - http://www.interrail.eu/ (if you are not european if think you have to go for eurail http://www.eurail.com/).

I have done it 4 times and was never disappointed !

Enjoy your trip in Europe ! (make sure you visit lake Geneva ;))