Why did the USA revoke the arms embargo or sanction on Turkey only after 3 years of the invasion of Cyprus?
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Accepted answer
Turkey was and to a certain degree still is of pivotal strategic importance for US interests in the region. As a member of NATO,Turkey, among other considerations:
- controls access between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean and thereby limits the potential of the Soviet Black Sea Fleet,
- is proximate and increases military access to Middle Eastern oil fields, Persia and Israel, the latter of growing importance in US considerations for the region during the time,
- is proximate to the Caucasus as a strategic route from the USSR towards the Middle East,
- has considerable military power on her own, eclipsing Greece and/or Greek Cyprus. Greece leaving the NATO between 1974 and 1980 was the lesser of two evils.
- held/holds NATO military and radar bases, missile silos etc.
Alienating an ally of such importance and perhaps even forcing her closer to the Soviet sphere of influence was not in the strategic interest of the US in the framework of the Cold War. An arms embargo, while perhaps temporarily necessary to placate other US allies and public opinion would undermine those interests.
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