Upvote:4
Citizenship is a matter of mutual obligations and rights:
- A citizen can demand certain things from the homeland, including the right to consular support from their embassy or the right to re-enter their homeland after a stay in another country. Democracies have even more rights, like the right to vote.
- The homeland can demand certain things from a citizen, including military service and paying taxes, even if the citizen is staying in another country.
If the citizen and the homeland agree on the status, everything is fine. There could be some other constellations:
- The state claims a citizen, the citizen disagrees. That can happen when a descendant of emigrants travels to the "old country" -- the authorities there consider him a citizen and draft dodger.
- The citizen claims a state, the state disagrees. A rather unusual case, it happened when Communist states expelled protesters into the West.
- The citizen claims a state, the state doesn't exist. That's really a problem between the citizen and other states, who have to determine the status of that person.