Upvote:3
I so far haven't been able to dig up anything about the Valcarra either. However, the description of the rest sounds a lot like a Chinese Queue. There may have been some Chinese immigration to that area in that exact period, or it could have been influenced by similar Native American hairstyles. According to the wiki, this same hairstyle was also being used in the British Navy in the early 1800's.
Again, I haven't found anything about Valcarra. However the description does remind me of one (fictional) odd style I've seen in an MMO. I'll put it here not as an authoritative example, but to give an idea of what this might look like.