What is this (possibly Swedish) military uniform? Perhaps cavalry?

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It is an m/1872 uniform for the artillery, enlisted man or NCO. The white collar indicates it is for No3 (from 1914 A3) Wendes Artilleriregemente. It looks cavalry because the Swedish artillery back then was "riding artillery", they rode the horses that dragged the guns.

The headgear is a Käppi m/1880 and the sword a Sabel m/1889, which means the photo was taken sometime after 1889. Sweden was not involved in any wars at that time.

Wendes Artillery was stationed in Scania, in Kristianstad and was part of I. Arméfördelningen (1st Army Division) along with the I6, I7, I11 and I25 infantry regiments and the K5, K6 and K7 cavalry regiments. The Arméfördelning was an administrative unit rather than a tactical unit.

He would have been manning an 8cm Kanon m/1863 (muzzle-loaded rifled iron cannon), 8,4cm Kanon m/1881 (breech-loaded rifled steel cannon) or 7,5cm Kanon m/02 (breech-loaded rifled steel recoil cannon with hydro-pneumatic recoil mechanism) depending on when the photo is taken.

I hope this helps.

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