What title did the merchants permitted to deal with Canton's 13 Factories carry?

Upvote:6

I'm not deeply familiar with this history and don't know Chinese, but can link you to some relevant terminology from Wikipedia.

The institutional arrangements for foreign trade under the Qing dyansty prior to the Opium War are widely known as the Canton System. Apparently the primary Chinese term for this was yīkǒu tōngshāng (一口通商) meaning "single [port] trading relations".

The Thirteen Factories at the center of the Canton System were referred to individually as hong and collectively as the cohong (公行) meaning "public trade".

The hubu (户部) or hoppo was the Qing official who oversaw the Canton System as Administrator of the Canton Customs or Yuèhǎi Guānbù (粵海關部).

On the European side, a key individual person dealing with the cohong would have been the supercargo of a ship.

Brian Z 18314

📝 Can anyone identify this sword guard?
📝 If the Ch’in dynasty was so short-lived, why was China named for it?
📝 How could the USS Maine explosion have been investigated?
📝 Which trade route took the longest (in time) to travel?
📝 Soviets, their war equpment and performance in WWII
📝 When in 1775 was Anza in Culiacán?
📝 Which Allied forces held the French-Italian border from Operation Dragoon to the end of WWII in Europe?
📝 What was this slender hooked rod thing that John Wilkes Booth posed with?
📝 What is the historical significance of the Tryzub to Ukrainian diaspora?
📝 Why could the Soviet Baltic fleet not break out of the Gulf of Finland
📝 How long would a letter take to arrive in England from America in 1890?
📝 Which tall building was completed in 1940 in Europe?
📝 What does this Italian soldier's 1930’s uniform tell us about his job and rank?
📝 Can anyone identify this uniform, approximate year, and aircraft?
📝 When was the concept of the "border wall" between the United States and Mexico first proposed?
📝 Is there a WW2 European bomb damage atlas?
📝 Have there been any great female military commanders?
📝 What light machine guns did the imperial Japanese army use in ww1?
📝 Were the first African Americans in Jamestown slaves or indentured servants?
📝 Why did the number of Nazis in the Bundestag increase significantly in 1953?
📝 Where did Theophrastus write about a "a common chest" into which funds are placed in case of a member's hardship?
📝 Were Allied high commanders that bad at the end of WW2?
📝 What was the attitude of Brazil's government towards the Spanish Civil War?
📝 Short or long Roman numerals?
📝 Did the Byzantine Empire use Roman numerals?
📝 Why did Anwar Sadat establish diplomatic relationship with Israel and did that decision pay off?
📝 What was the point of hanging in “hanging, drawing, and quartering”?
📝 What do we know about the squadron that evacuated Moore's force after Corunna?
📝 What Was the US Debt-To-GDP Before Jackson Was President
📝 Why is the Ku Klux Clan an Christian terrorism organisation?

Source: stackoverflow.com

Travel Tips

Search Posts

📝 What title did the merchants permitted to deal with Canton's 13 Factories carry?
📝 How did people deal with ice on the roads during the horse-and-buggy era?
📝 What did Hitler mean with the following statement about Franco?
📝 To what extent did the CPC avoid fighting with the Japanese?
📝 What goods did Germany trade during the Weimar Republic, and with whom?
📝 How did the way commanders ask their troops to deal with the immediate death of their comrades vary by country/culture during WWII?
📝 How did the Swedish army deal with prisoners of war in the Thirty Years War?
📝 How did the US "Greek" fraternity system at universities arise and what is its relationship with ancient Greece?
📝 How did China deal with the Black Death during the second plague pandemic?
📝 What did Golden Horde get out of the alliance with Mamluks?
📝 How did the helmsman know what he was sailing towards with a big mast in his face?
📝 What did sectionalism have to do with the American civil war?
📝 When, where and with what propagation through Europe did the idea of gypsies stealing children occur?
📝 What did Sweden do with all the wrong-sided steering wheels after Högertrafikomläggningen?
📝 What did the Nazis do with proselytes to Judaism?
📝 Why did the Balfour Declaration of 1926 and Statute of Westminster (1931) only deal with Dominions?
📝 What involvement did Jonathan Edwards have with the Conspiracy of 1741?
📝 How did Germany deal with the East German communist Government structure after unification?
📝 What was the Western involvement in Finland's deal with the Soviets to be neutral?
📝 What did modern China do with food sold to the state?
📝 Did Adolf Hitler ever address the fact that his own appearance was almost an exact opposite of what he considered the ideal Aryan appearance?
📝 What did babies eat before the advent of modern blenders?
📝 What did the Emancipation Proclamation exactly do?
📝 How did the ancient Romans count with their fingers?
📝 What did Germany do in World War II about the different rail gauge in the Soviet Union?
📝 What language did Gaius Julius Caesar speak with Cleopatra?
📝 Where did the “vikings wear helmets with horn” stereotype come from and why?
📝 Why did Italy abandon its alliance with Germany in WW1 and join the Allied side?
📝 What concessions did Hitler demand from the Poles before 1939?
📝 What did squires do in the middle of a medieval battle?

What title did the merchants permitted to deal with Canton's 13 Factories carry?

More post

Search Posts

Related post