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I can only answer for my denomination (Baptist), but it was used as a supporting scripture for Immersion. During baptism, pastors would often say
Buried in the likeness of His death, raised in the likeness of His resurrection
or
...raised to walk in newness of life
The idea is that baptism is a the believer's public confession of faith. And the immersion itself is a symbol of Christ's burial and resurrection.
Upvote:2
To be buried with Christ through baptism means to walk in newness of life.
Romans 6:1-4 (NASB)
6 What shall we say then? Are we to continue in sin so that grace may increase? 2 May it never be! How shall we who died to sin still live in it? 3 Or do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus have been baptized into His death? 4 Therefore we have been buried with Him through baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life.
As to how is one buried with Christ through baptism, it is by faith alone.
Colossians 2:12 (NASB)
12 having been buried with Him in baptism, in which you were also raised up with Him through faith in the working of God, who raised Him from the dead.
The English word “baptism” came from the Greek word “baptisma” (to dip).This word has more than one meaning.
In Biblical contexts, it means “to identify with” (union with someone) and “to be washed with” (cleansing) whether literally or figuratively.
In both Romans 6:1-4 and Colossians 2:12, it means union with Jesus Christ in his death, burial and resurrection.
Immersionists (from the Fundamental Baptist POV) believe that to be buried with Christ through water baptism symbolically signifies the union we have with Jesus Christ.
Upvote:2
New Testament Baptism, which is enjoined upon new believers, is the first obedience required of those who united themselves by faith to Christ's crucifixion. Having been crucified with Christ, their body of sin is now dead, and they must bury the old man of sin. Baptism signifies that the believer has been crucified with Christ having embraced and received Christ's sacrifice for his sins. Notice that believing in Christ's sacrifice and resurrection must precede the "burial" that baptism signifies. This is important because baptism is the template for all future Christian obedience, as described in the rest of Romans 6. Believers are to present their members as slaves of righteousness, just as they initially presented their bodies of sin crucified with Christ in the rite of Baptism, they from then on present their members as slaves of righteousness. Presenting their members as slaves of sin is a denial of their baptism and must be remedied with repentance, which it always is among the truly redeemed.
Upvote:2
To answer your second question first: This is one of a few passages that immersionists such as myself reference when baptism is discussed. Others include Matt. 3:16, which describes Jesus "coming up out of the water"--difficult to do without being surrounded by the water first? Acts 8:38 says "Philip and the eunuch went down into the water, and Philip baptized him."
So then this passage in Romans is in keeping with other passages that describe the circumstances of baptism in terms of immersion. However, I may or may not point to Rom. 6:1-4 during a debate on immersion. I might choose Col. 2:12 instead.
On your first question: My understanding of my baptism is that God requires me to put to death my old life. The immersion is a way of marking that division between those abandoned ways and my new ways that are more obedient to God's will. If I want to be like Christ, I have to behave like Christ. I have to put him on in baptism.