Upvote:1
Combining comments into an answer:
A refusal under V4.2 means UKVI were not convinced you are a genuine visitor who will leave at the end of your trip. Given your previous UK visa history, that decision probably has a lot to do with current immigration risk appetite related to your citizenship/place of residence. Itβs likely therefore that you would not be given a Marriage Visitor visa either. To get an immigrant marriage visa, proving that it is not a sham marriage or a marriage of convenience to gain an immigration advantage would be critical.
As @Nicolas Formichella commented: If you don't qualify for another route than SVV, then don't apply to anything else than SVV. Applying for things you don't qualify for can be easily seen as being desperate, over and above not being able to read the rules.
See also this canonical Q&A UK visa refusal on V 4.2 a + c (and sometimes 'e') which covers the specific reasons you say were given in your refusal, and mentions the existence of a list of countries where historical performance has been problematic. Applicants in these countries will have a more difficult time. The list is classified, but Iβd put money on Russia having being added to that list as a result of its invasion of Ukraine.