Upvote:1
There are no dedicated luggage areas in Dutch intercity trains.
Some trains have seats which are back to back and you can store your luggage between the seat backs.
Some have a bit of space with the seat(s) at the end of the carriage.
But in most you are restricted to the racks above the seats, which have very little space in double decker trains and not a lot in single level ones.
You can bring you luggage into the area with the seats but if at all possible do not leave it in the aisle, as that will block people passing.
An other No is leaving your cases near the door and sit somewhere else as some luggage thieves are around.
There are often some seat with more space near the doors.
Upvote:3
It depends on the train type, but usually it is allowed to bring your baggage with you, and keep it near your sit. You will occupy some extra seats, but often it is not a problem (and if it is very crowded, just put the baggage in the aisle, the people will probably standing in aisle).
Schiphol to Rotterdam is a short travel, and just few stops (if any).
I never used first class, but there you will have some more place. Just if the train is crowded, it will be difficult to find the right wagon.
Alternatively, you may choose the Thalys (an high speed train, similar to TGV). The reservation is like TGV (or flights). Personally for such short travel, I would choose the first train to Rotterdam, without booking a specific train in advance (this will just add stress in case of delays).
Upvote:4
There are basically two types of intercity train in The Netherlands: Single and Double deck.
The Single deck type has overhead luggage racks, these may be big enough to fit your suitcase. Intercity Direct (running between Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Brussels) also has luggage racks near the entrance of the carriage.
The Double deck type has small overhead bins on the lower floor only, but these won't be big enough for a 30 kg suitcase. Some Double deck trains have seats in the entrance hallway, either foldable or full size. If you sit here, you won't have to haul your luggage through the narrow gangway, and up or down the stairs.
In both Single and Double deck types, it may be possible to store luggage between seats, but it depends on the seat configuration. Seats positioned back to back will have room between them.
Trains between Amsterdam and Rotterdam can be crowded, and leaving your luggage in the aisle, or worse, on seats, will not make you very popular.