score:4
Airlines use a database provided by IATA, called Timatic. Its answers almost always match the immigration requirements.
For an Israeli flying to USA, it says (query via the Emirates site):
Passport required.
Passport Exemptions: Passengers with an Authorization for Parole of an Alien into the United States (Form I-512).
Document Validity: Passports issued to nationals of Israel must be valid for the period of intended stay.
So there's no need for 6 months.
Upvote:3
The answer to your first question is YES for two primary reasons:
However, it us universally expected that the airline will, provided Timatic is correct, merely follow the rules of the destination country. So, the answer to your second question is, yes, but it's so small as to not worry about it.
Upvote:4
Yes, they are more strict, but not often.
I have reproducibly situations where the airlines are stricter than required; for example try to fly from the US to Germany: a German ID card (Personalausweis) is absolutely sufficient to enter Germany, but the airline insists on a passport.
The other way around will be much more rare because the airline pays dearly for such errors.