Upvote:2
As stated in Timatic, the database used by airlines, when Canada is set:
Visa required
If there was an exemption for holders of Canadian visas, it would say so, but there isn't. It just exempts people that normally need airside transit visas from needing one.
So no, you cannot exit the airport without a visa.
Upvote:9
You are holding a Lebanese passport. This means two things:
So "I require a short term visa for Amsterdam" this is entirely wrong: a) there's no such thing as a visa for Amsterdam, if you enter the Netherlands, you entered the Schengen area b) there's no such thing as a short term Schengen visa -- some countries have 24 or 72 hour visas, but the Schengen area doesn't c) again, just to get to Canada you don't require any kind of visa (especially not nonexisting ones).
To leave the airport, you need to enter the Schengen area. Whether that's for six seconds or six hours or six weeks, the rules are the same and you need a Schengen visitor visa.
Sources: