What is the main reason for Germany's strong economy?

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You will not get a single answer to such a question. Here are some factors:

  • A long scientific tradition in the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) fields. In the 19th and early 20th century, German was the international language of science in many fields.
  • Free university education for all those who would pass the exit examination of their secondary school, with student loans not as a privilege but a right.
  • Until some years ago, a system of university education different from the UK/US model, which combined bachelor and master studies into a single Diplom.

That provided a solid core of engineers and managers.

  • The main left/worker's party (the social democrats) decided to back and reform the capitalist system rather than to try and topple it. Examples include the WWI war bonds or, more recently, the Agenda 2010 reforms of chancellor Schroeder.
  • The main right/industrialist's parties decided to "bribe" the workers into "good" behaviour with social reforms and welfare. Examples include Bismarck's social laws and later the soziale Marktwirtschaft.
  • A dual education system for blue-collar workers which combines apprenticeships with trade schools.

These points combined to make the proletariat aspire to become a Facharbeiter, a certified skilled worker, and not a rabble-rousing revolutionary. This perception encorages invenstment and stability, as opposed to other European nations which are seen as more strike-prone.

  • There was quite a slump after WWI. But soon after WWII, the victors on both sides recognized that they'd need Germans in the Cold War and relented.

Upvote:-4

Germany is part of Europe. For centuries the Europeans subjugated much of the world through colonialism, allowing much of the European merchant class to become wealthy in the 1700s and 1800s.

In the early 1800's, part of Europe (England) underwent an industrial revolution. The money to fund the revolution came from colonialism. This revolution further enriched the merchant classes in Europe. It also created a new class - a working class. The working class were poor people who worked in factories. The industrial revolution spread to Germany after the 1860s.

In the early 1900's, the working classes in Europe started to revolt, strike, and unionize. As the working class gained power, the working class in Europe became wealthy as well.

This is why most ordinary Europeans, including Germans, are wealthy. This is also why many non-Europeans are poor: colonialism left some deep wounds, that have not yet healed.

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