Upvote:4
I am considering this a reference request for seminal works on "power" in historiography.
The most well known recent theorist of "power" as a historical determinant is Foucault. In Foucault's work power seems to be organised by a historical context of possibilities of knowledge, an "episteme," that orders how people perceive and enact power. I do not believe that Foucault's conclusions about the organisation of past societies matches your speaker's: Foucault's concept of power is much more developed. Additionally, many historians blanch at the lack of traditional historiography backing Foucault's conclusions.