Why have so few paleo-Indian skeletons been found?
score:6
20th C. Answer: No People to Leave Remains
The Clovis first hypothesis states that the Clovis people were the first Native Americans, and that the arrived in North American around 12,000 BC via an ice free corridor in Alaska / Canada. We would not expect many Native American remains older than 10,000 years because Native American populations would have been small at such an early point in their history.
This theory has been seriously challenged by various finds that point to a human presence around 15,000 BC in the Americas - identifying potential ice free travel corridors in the time period is challenging, since the Ice Age is still in full swing.
21 C. Answer: Taken by the Sea
The Coastal Migration hypothesis proposes that the Americas were populated around 15,000 BC by a kind of early maritime culture - the people fished and traveled by boat. They did not require an ice free travel corridor because they "island hopped" and used the ice shelf and open coastline.
These first Native Americans would have lived in coastal areas which have since been flooded - there was a rapid sea level rise around 14,000 BC as ice sheets collapsed and even as recently as 12,000 BC sea levels around Alaska were 60m below the current height.
Thus many of these early sites might be miles off shore, and very much inaccessible to modern archeologists.
The rare inland finds we have from these time periods likely represent pioneers moving inland via rivers, and thus Clovis might be an offshoot of one or more of these inland groups.
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