Were poor Georgians mainly "neutral or friendly" to the Union in 1864?
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I can't say for sure about Sherman but he clearly had plenty of personal experience to draw on.
In the Civil War, many poor white Southern soldiers thought they were defending their homeland against a Northern invasion. That may be partially propaganda they'd been fed, but still... you can't chalk them all up to conscription.
But as for LBJ: this was almost 100 years later, and Jim Crow laws and the Ku Klux Klan had had plenty of time to do their work. White politicians had every incentive to keep racial hatred alive and raw; they didn't have to be responsive to the poor whites' needs if they could say they were protecting their place in the hierarchy.
Upvote:2
The following is an edited version of a post on Quora by Nelson McKeeby
"One common theme of the confederacy was the willingness of plantation owners to fight to the last drop of common person’s blood. 90% of smuggled cargoes were luxury goods, that is why the laws requiring 10% of all smuggled cargo to be weapons, 90% was wine, silk, brandy, and bon bons. The South used a system of income tax and property tax called taxation in kind and impressment. Plantations were mostly immune. Militias and groups called Rangers would scour the country side and while the goal they were set was 10% of a persons property and money, they would never meet their needs for tax and were forced to take everything from farmers and business holders.
"Many southern farmers were broken and stopped planting. They released cattle, buried their house hold goods, and locked the doors...
"What is commonly not known or turned into a lie is that when Atlanta fell starving civilians, who Sherman was trying to unsuccessfully feed, had been ejected from the city as a human shield, and another huge number had lost everything from confederate militia. Davis and Lee felt that handing northern generals a series of mass starvation incidents might change foreign opinion. If they could engineer a quarter million dead France of England might move.
"Sherman solved the problem by letting the starving southerners, called bummers, follow his army. He protected small farms but let the bummers do the burning and looting for him. In that way he fed starving human shields and stuck it to slave owners."
Sherman knew how the South really fought the war. He was a "righteous" man who was not only out to win the war, but to punish the guilty and protect the innocent. Johnson was speaking about a century later, AFTER the black slaves had been freed, and social landscape had changed as a result.
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