Is the Thief on the Cross the exception or the norm for quick salvation?

Catholic Perspective, as I understand it:

NECCESSARY BACKGROUND BEFORE THE ANSWER

Why the selective reading of the bible? Why did you only select these four? What about the last judgment story that favors DEEDS?

Salvation is a profound mystery.

Can you possibly explain how a Good, All-powerful God could possibly create a creature that he may have to condemn to hell? Clearly for this person it would have been better to not exist.

If God does not condemn, and it is we who choose heaven or earth (an understanding advanced by many mystics), can you possibly explain how can someone choose eternal suffering?

ANSWER

So, since salvation is a mystery, Jesus gives us a glimpse of its nature in each passage.

ALL passages are a "formula"

So it is not ANY of them [verses as formula for salvation], but ALL of them, are a formula for salvation. All passages give you a glimpse of what is necessary for salvation.

And, as expected, all of these are related. And Jesus speaks to that. If you truly believe, you will follow, you will act correctly, you will confess with your mouth and life.

There is no "Formula"

I will go further and claim that there is no formula, as a formula presupposes or implies that it is something we understand, know how to execute, etc. We clearly do not. Hence no formula.

not convinced? Can anyone of us truly say they know what it means to "believe" in Christ? No; hence no formula.

Does a person need to show all of these to achieve salvation?

NO. (this may seem contradictory to what I said above, but please read below for explanation)

You say that it may be impossible to show all evidence of salvation if all are needed.

I think you are making a critical error here - Jesus describes A SAINT.

IF you are a saint, all of the above will be visible. Ie, a saint is one that is ready to enter heaven. It does not mean he WILL enter heaven since the journey is not yet over.

So a person may exhibit all signs of achieving salvation, and maybe not. Probably not all, which is a good sign that we should struggle more to be better :)

So all are necessary. The reason Jesus list so many, is to help us discern how far from Sainthood we really are.

So you do not need to exhibit all to "achieve" salvation, because that occurs at the moment of your death, a time where you may be asked if you truly believe, and if you answer correctly, all of the other signs of sainthood would be visible (if your journey here was not over)

PS:

I think you are mixing the terms "getting saved" and "salvation"

"We also see people (Matthew, in Matthew 9:9 just up and follow Jesus), seemingly getting saved on the spot, without showing any immediate evidence of being able to explain all of these doctrines."

Jesus "saves" many - by forgiving their sins. Ie, they RETURN, again, to a point of crossroads. they can again CHOOSE the right path. They are not saved in terms of eternal salvation which is only determined after the journey is over.

Here is an interesting verse about Salvation

Psa 119:155 Salvation is far from the wicked: for they seek not thy statutes.

I think we have to love Him more than anything or anyone and in loving Him learn to live the way He instructs us to...setting ourselves apart from worldliness. Sometimes I think we have taken a casual stance to our own destruction...even Moses didn't make it to the promise land. Yes we are forgiven for our sins...but it also says go and sin no more. And He will return with fire to destroy those who live in iniquity saving only a few.

Also since we are not the judge, we don't know who will and will not make it until He has judged, including ourselves. But we do know that workers of iniquity, (lawlessness) will not make it.

What is "belief"?

First, we need to clear up the common misconception about what it means to "believe." Biblically speaking, faith (believing) is the proper response of man to God's revealed word. You hear, you recognize, you acknowledge, you embrace, you respond (i.e. act on it.) So it is quite a bit different than our typical modern English usage of the word "believe," which essentially just means "to consider correct";

• Biblical faith starts by hearing an actual word from God; modern "belief" can be about anything you want it to be about

• Biblical faith includes action (cf. Heb. 11, Jas. 2); modern "belief" is distinct from action

So if we're going to consider passages from Scripture about how to get right with God, we need to understand what the Biblical authors meant by the words they used. And the Biblical authors did not mean that you simply have to acknowledge that Jesus died 2,000 years ago, and you suddenly receive an irrevocable ticket into Heaven!

What is the invitation?

Second, we need to clear up the common misconception about what the Gospel "offer" actually is. The invitation is back into relationship with Him. The Good News is that we can be reconciled back to God. Not just in terms of your eternal destination, but now! You can be reunited to God today! You can know Him! That is why we have verses like the following:

what we have seen and heard we proclaim to you also, so that you too may have fellowship with us; and indeed our fellowship is with the Father, and with His Son Jesus Christ. -1 John 1:3

Many will say to Me on that day, ‘Lord, Lord, did we not prophesy in Your name, and in Your name cast out demons, and in Your name perform many miracles?’ And then I will declare to them, ‘I never knew you; depart from Me, you who practice lawlessness.’ -Matthew 7:22-23

The Good News... the Gospel invitation... is to be reunited with your God. Mankind can know God once more. That is what was lost with the Fall of Genesis 3. That is what Christ purchased for us. That is why He sent the Spirit.

What is the cost?

Third, we need to clear up the common misconception about what it costs to follow Christ. There is a really dangerous theology going around these days that teaches that God just wants you to make some silly one-time decision to think a certain thought and then suddenly your eternal destination will be changed from Hell to Heaven, and you're good to go. The truth of the matter is: It costs you everything! So count the costs carefully! The Gospel message is that the course of your life can be reversed (hence "repent") and you can live a life led by God rather than your old life apart from God.

For all who are being led by the Spirit of God, these are sons of God. -Romans 8:14

And He was saying to them all, “If anyone wishes to come after Me, he must deny himself, and take up his cross daily and follow Me. -Luke 9:23

He died for all, so that they who live might no longer live for themselves, but for Him who died and rose again on their behalf. -2 Corinthians 5:15

Summary

All of these verses, along with those you referenced, are all referring to the same thing. But you can't explain this in a single sentence, because any word (like "believe") can be misunderstood. (That's why the Bible is so long!) But here's the simplest I can explain it:

Mankind was created for relationship with God. When man sinned, mankind became separated from God in relationship. Christ came to make a way for us to be reunited with God. Being reunited with God means Him being God / Lord / King / Leader / Etc. in your life once more. (Do you really want that?!) When we turn from our lives of independence to follow Him, that is called "repentance." That is an outworking of "faith." We are then reunited to God in relationship, by the Spirit, and are able to follow Him again. (Which, incidentally, is called "baptism.") So:

• Do you have to repent? Yes.

• Are we saved through faith? Yes.

• Do you have to be baptized? Yes. (At least, in the Spirit.)

• Do you have to follow Him? Yes.

• Do you have to view / confess Him as your Lord? Yes.

• Am I saying the same thing over and over here? No. But each of these things describes a different part of the same process.

It's probably impossible to capture the entire doctrine of soteriology in a single, unambiguous sentence, because it is not simple. But it is coherent.

Yes many groups believe that the initial salvation experience is easy. Others make it more difficult.

Some Evangelical Christians teach salvation through a 1 minute or less prayer based on Romans 10:9, 10:13 as well as Acts 2 and a general mesh of the other verses you mention. After the salvation experience a person may be baptized.

Act 2:38 Then Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of sins, and ye shall receive the gift of the Holy Ghost.

Non-evangelical groups tend to place special emphasis on baptism and family (Acts 16:31) or church membership (1Ti 3:15).

• The Church of Christ in particular believes that you cannot go to heaven unless you are baptized and take communion every Sunday till death. People with chronic conditions have risked their lives to be baptized as a result of this kind of teaching.

• Catholics also have a strong emphasis on education and baptism rather than an instant experience. In some cases it takes over a year to join Catholicism.

• Mormons have handshakes and other secret things which must be learned before they consider that you will be able to enter heaven. According to the LDS Church (Mormons), what role do secret handshakes and passwords play into a person's entrance into heaven?