What exactly is the falsehood that St. Paul is referring to at Roman 3: 7?
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The overarching context is the necessity of the Gospel for salvation.
In Romans 3:5-8,
- But if our injustice commend the justice of God, what shall we say? Is God unjust, who executeth wrath?
- (I speak according to man.) God forbid: otherwise how shall God judge this world?
- For if the truth of God hath more abounded through my lie, unto his glory, why am I also yet judged as a sinner?
- And not rather (as we are slandered, and as some affirm that we say) let us do evil, that there may come good? whose damnation is just. ,
St. Paul refutes, with reductio ad absurdum arguments, a 6th objection that
If our unjustness (= sinfulness) serves to make God’s justness (= justice) stand out the more clearly, why are we still threatened with his wrath, and urged to seek justification? Is God not unjust in punishing such sinfulness?
Verse 7
is taken by most commentators as a further objection, in which case it is but a weakened repetition of v 5.
—The Epistle to the Romans, commentary by A. Theissen, A Catholic Commentary on Holy Scripture PDF p. 2100
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This is from a Roman Catholic commentary. I doubt it's the only Catholic view or that this view is exclusive to Catholicism. It is more of a scholarly view based on Catholic scholarship.
.5. if our wickedness brings out God’s uprightness: A logical conclusion from Paul’s contention. If David’s infidelity does not nullify God’s fidelity, but rather makes it manifest, then man’s wickedness will bring about the manifestation of divine uprightness (the attribute, see comment on 1:17). is God unjust to inflict his wrath [on us]?: There is no contradiction in the manifestation of divine uprightness and wrath. Only a human way of looking at it would suggest that human wickedness should not be visited by divine wrath. Underlying the question is the suggestion that if man’s wickedness really brings out God’s salvific uprightness and fidelity, then he would be unjust in inflicting his wrath. Again Paul emphatically rejects the notion; see comment on 3:3.6. otherwise how is God to judge the world?: A fundamental Jewish belief regarded Yahweh as the eschatological Judge of the world (Is 66:16; Jl 3:12; Pss 94:2; 96:13; cf. Rom 2:16).7. if the truth of God…: This is really the same objection as 3:5, involving merely a third attribute.8. Paul does not take pains to refute the sophism involved in the accusation leveled against him (or Christians in general). Nothing in the text suggests that such accusations actually circulated in the Roman church and that this is why he mentions them.
Brown, R. E., Fitzmyer, J. A., & Murphy, R. E. (1996). The Jerome Biblical commentary (Vol. 2, p. 300). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
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