Does Hebron means Hebrew?

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If I understand your question properly, you want to know if the word "Hebrew" applied to Joseph in Gen 39:17 derives from Joseph's ancestral city, Hebron. This would distinguish "Hebrew" as a reference to a geographic place of origin, whereas "Israelite" refers to the ancestral person.

You are correct that Abraham did live near Hebron in Canaan. He purchased land there (Gen 23:17-18), including a burial cave. In that cave were buried Abraham's wife Sara (Gen 23:19), Abraham (Gen 25:9-10), Isaac and his wives Rebekah and Leah (Gen 49:29-33), and Jacob (Gen 50:12-13). We also have Abraham described as a "Hebrew" in Gen 14:13, which occurred while Abraham was living near Hebron. However, I don't know of any basis to say that the word "Hebrew" and "Hebron" are related (despite their similarities).

From this Wikipedia article the name "Hebron" refers (in the Hebrew and Amorite languages) to a friendship or alliance. It is also a basis for an Arabic epithet for Abraham, which means "friend." This is a very different meaning from the ones we see for "Hebrew."

According to a response on Linguistics StackExchange the etymology of "Hebrew" is "from the other side" presumably meaning the Euphrates river, since Abraham came to Canaan from Ur on the other side of the Euphrates. However, there are other theories that trace "Hebrew" to Eber, the great-grandson of Shem and great-great-great-great-grandfather of Abraham (Gen 11:10-26). Take your pick, but none of these relate to the city of Hebron where Abraham lived in Canaan.

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No, while the two words are similar in English, in the Hebrew language of the Old Testament they are unrelated. Note that the first consonant (on the right) is completely different:

Hebrew: עברים ʿivrim

Possibly derives from a verb meaning "to pass over" or "to traverse". It is likely derived from Eber, Shem's great-grandson, and six generations above Abraham.

Hebron: חֶבְרוֹן hevron

Derives from a root meaning "colleague" or "friend".

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