What are the core Mahayana and Vajrayana Sutras?

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I think your question is much larger than can be answered with just three texts. Mahāyāna is not one thing, it is many Prajñāpāramitā, Madhyamaka, Pure Land, Yogacāra, Chan/Zen, Huayen etc. Similarly Vajrayāna is not one thing either.

For the Mahāyāna a comprehensive guide would have dozens of texts. At a minimum:

  • Aṣṭasāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra
  • Mulamadhyamikākārikā śastra
  • Abhidharmakośabhāsya śāstra
  • Yogacārabhumi Sāstra
  • Sukhāvativyūha Sūtra (x2)
  • Sūtra of Huineng
  • Saddharmapuṇḍarikā Sūtra
  • Avataṃsaka Sūtra

For Vajrayāna the situation is different. Tantras cannot be read on their own. For Shingon the two main texts are

  • Mahāvairocana Sutra (aka Mahāvairocana Abhisaṃbodhi Tantra)
  • Vajraśekhara Sutra (aka Sarvatathāgata-tattvasaṃgraha)

A good introduction can be found in Kūkai: Major Works by Yoshito Hakeda. Tibetan Tantra includes many more texts, such as:

  • Guhyasamāja Tantra
  • Hevajra Tantra
  • Kālacakra Tantra

But most teaching is done through commentaries. Many of these texts cannot be understood without a commentary. Some of them require specific initiations.

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