Does dukkha apply to name-and-form?
score:3
'Dukkha' as one of the three characteristics is not a psychological phenomenon (unlike 'dukkha' in the four noble truths). As one of the three characteristics, 'dukkha' means 'unsatisfactoriness', namely, the inherent inability of impermanent conditioned things to bring lasting happiness.
For example, apples, motor cars & cocaine are 'unsatisfactory' because there is no characteristic within those things that can bring lasting happiness.
The following correct translation makes the different usages of 'dukkkha' clear:
Sabbe baṅkhārā dukkhā'ti yadā paññāya passati Atha nibbindati dukkhe esa maggo visuddhiyā.
"All conditioned things are unsatisfactory" — when one sees this with wisdom, one turns away from suffering. This is the path to purification.
Dhammapada 278 translated by Acharya Buddharakkhita
As for 'nama', for Buddhist purposes, it is defined in the suttas (SN 12.2; MN 9; etc) as the 'mentality' or 'mental faculties' of feeling, perception, intention, contact & attention and also mindfulness, zeal, energy, decision, etc (MN 111).
'Nama' for the purpose of converting & teaching Brahmans (eg. DN 15, DN 11, SN 7.6), namely, 'name', is not for Buddhist purposes & should be ignored by those wanting to comprehend Buddhism.
In other words, in the context of Buddhist suttas such as SN 12.2, MN 9, etc, 'name-form' is an incorrect translation. The correct translation here should be 'mentality-materiality'.
'Name-form' is only a correct translation for Brahman suttas, such as DN 15, DN 11, SN 7.6, etc.
Thus, in terms of the three characteristics, nama-rupa is dukkha (unsatisfactory); just as SN 22.85 states the five aggregates of a Buddha are unsatisfactory (dukkha).
However, in terms of the four noble truths, nama-rupa is not dukkha because the 1st noble truth summarises all psychological dukkha as attachment (upadana) to the five aggregates.
Upvote:0
Nama is vedhana, sangna, sankhara, vingnana. Rupa is solid, liquid, gas and heat. This is pancha upadhanakkandha.
Pancha upadhakkandha is by definition dukkha, a noble truth.
Upvote:1
In Conditioned Genesis (Paticca- samuppada), consciousness leads to mentality & materiality (Nama Rupa). Feeling, perception, intention, contact & attention are called ‘name/mentality’ or nama and the body dependant on the four great elements (Earth, fire, water & air - ‘Patavi’, ‘Apo’, ‘Thejo’, ‘Vayo’) is form/ materiality or rupa). The Buddha taught that nominal and physical things (nama rupa dhamma) which are subjected to the three characteristics of existence impermanence, suffering and soullessness, are nothing but a state of Conditioned Genesis (Paticca- samuppada) which exists without a doer or causer. Those causes and effects are subjected to cessation on the same spot and thus manifesting this state of cessation from within oneself, can attain the state of Extinction, the Nibbana. Thus all of these are Suffering (dukkham) and arising of Suffering (dukkha samudayam).
More post
- 📝 Equanimity in the Aghatavinaya Sutta
- 📝 Was The Buddha only human, or was he super-human?
- 📝 What kind of vipassana retreats do you recommend in South East Asia?
- 📝 Why is the Yogācāra school called 'mind only'?
- 📝 Spontaneity in Zen
- 📝 What is Mastery of reflectionJhana mastery
- 📝 Happiness, rebirth, and the death of an arahant
- 📝 Mental Illness and the bardo and rebirth
- 📝 Apocarteresis in Buddhism
- 📝 First Effort in "Right Effort"
- 📝 How bad is the karma of feeding meat to your children?
- 📝 Sūkarakhata sutta and the "arahants seeking benefits they already have"
- 📝 What are habits in buddhism?
- 📝 Felt sense vs visual sense
- 📝 Latent tendencies, memories of this life and brain damage, dementia
- 📝 Buddhist's teaching on grief?
- 📝 Should Buddhists only cultivate native plants?
- 📝 Buddhist take on parents staying together for the children?
- 📝 Most effective meditation techniques to develop empathy, love and compassion for others?
- 📝 very strong cravings for compelling images of moving exciting images
- 📝 Information requested on Buddhist monks self-immolation mental technique
- 📝 So what is left? It is the true realization of Śūnyatā, or Ultimate Truth, a realm in which “reason is used to destroy itself”
- 📝 What is the perception of the body?
- 📝 Buddhas (and Bodhisattva) are real individuals or manifestations?
- 📝 Examples of Buddhist traditions that are derived from popular superstitions
- 📝 English translation of the Samyutta Nikaya
- 📝 What is the definition of passa ?
- 📝 Dharma-ending age in suttas and solution?
- 📝 Why are "Fear and Shame" listed among the beautiful cetasikas?
- 📝 Paradox of the ego - our desire to improve vs Buddhism
Source: stackoverflow.com
Search Posts
Related post
- 📝 Does the saṅkhatalakkhaṇa of dukkha apply to the noble path?
- 📝 How, if at all, does karma exist in the form and formless realms?
- 📝 Does dukkha apply to name-and-form?
- 📝 Does studying mathematics or science lead to a practitioner of Buddhism acquiring wrong philosophical views and mental afflictions?
- 📝 Does meditation increase productivity for software developers and related professions?
- 📝 What does Buddhism literature and tradition say about transgender folks?
- 📝 What does breaking the fetter 'Clinging to rites and rituals' actually mean?
- 📝 Does downvoting an answer qualify as divisive and harsh speech?
- 📝 Does Zen distinguish between concentration and insight meditation?
- 📝 "Guard the sense doors"- What does this mean, and what is it's application?
- 📝 Does hosting guests at home with meat and alcohol (because they are fond of it) amount to aiding the guests break their Sila?
- 📝 How and when did the name "Buddhism" appear?
- 📝 Which canon and traditions does the Flower Sermon text belong to?
- 📝 How does a monk address parents and relatives?
- 📝 During insight meditation, what does the meditator note in-between the rising and falling of the abdomen?
- 📝 What is the name in Pāli and Sanskrit for the ‘body scanning’ meditation technique?
- 📝 How does the first noble truth associate dukkha with each of the five skandhas?
- 📝 Does anybody know the composition of the 6th council and how the delegates were chosen?
- 📝 What does Buddhism say about creativity and spiritual development?
- 📝 Ajahn Brahm stated that he ate snakes and frogs during his training, does this mean that it is acceptable to kill animals?
- 📝 Does DN2 and MN36 provide an irrefutable statement on the fact of rebirth?
- 📝 How does a monk cope with all the bad things happening in the world if the only thing monks do is sitting and meditating?
- 📝 Why does 'thoughts' and 'memories' not part of aggregates?
- 📝 What does Buddha and Buddhism say about fighting against enemy of dharma?
- 📝 Where does utilitarianism sit with Buddhism and vice versa?
- 📝 How does the buddhist teachings differentiate between reality and perception?
- 📝 What does "Namaste" mean in Buddhism context and why is it even associated with Buddhism?
- 📝 Why does the mind always want to 'do something' and how to cultivate 'non-doing'?
- 📝 Does Buddhism apply to this formula for Christianity?
- 📝 Does morning and evening chanting follow a set pattern in the Theravada tradition?