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You should apply for a type C short-term visa. Unlike some other countries, the Schengen area does not have strictly defined visa categories. When applying, categories are there to help processing, your visa will not mention for example “study” or “tourism”. Since Schengen does not have an 'Academic' category, you should select the category that best represents the main purpose of your trip.
There is a discussion of this topic here Attending an academic conference is what type of travel?