Upvote:-3
To summarize, you
- entered Austria the first time illegally (the visa-free possibilites from US to Schengen are limited to certain reasons, getting hired is not one of them).
- Worked illegally (illegal because no permit)
- Worked illegally (illegal because no insurance)
- Worked illegally (illegal because no taxes)
...
While I can't predict the future, a ban is certainly possible, as are formalized tax debts, fines, and legal actions against your employer.
No, I can't recommend you to rely on being able to enter again.