Upvote:1
You can request Schengen visa from other countries than your residence.
That might require explaining why it is a special hardship for you to follow the usual process, and starting a visa appication by explaining why you are a special case is not the best way to go about it. Officials like orderly, standard procedures.
Check if it is still possible for you to follow the usual procedure. If so, do it.
You cannot generalize.
Most countries reserve the right to issue visas to anyone, anywhere, if they feel like it. But getting into that special process may be difficult.