Upvote:3
According to https://traveldoc.aero, you can board a flight to Japan with only a US military identification and your travel orders. You can also board a flight to the US with only those documents, or only with the re-entry permit. So, if you have a military ID in addition to the documents you mention, which I suppose you probably do, you should be fine to make this trip without renewing your passport and without applying for a Japanese visa.
Tokyo Narita International Airport
Japan
Visa is not required for passengers holding military identification cards issued by the United States, with orders.
Los Angeles (CA) International Airport
United States of America
Visa is not required for United States of America.
I omit a bunch of stuff about COVID-19.