Upvote:5
I can only think of two that occasionally helped me:
Know the journey. It might struck some people as a bit obsessive but I often look at a map, check the signs on the platform at intermediary stops and count the stops before my destination.
Don't be shy about asking around, anybody. Some people will know the train network very well and many locals will have free Internet on their phones and be happy to check online or discuss between them to find a route for you, etc. Railway personnel, when available, has also often been very helpful.
Incidentally, knowing several languages and paying attention helps tremendously. At least, if you know something might be wrong, you can start taking measures or at least check the name on the platform when entering the station but if you only knew one language and were oblivious to the rest you might not even be concerned.