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A Schengen visa obtained by any of the Schengen Area member countries allows free movement to its holder within the whole Schengen Zone regarding the European Union Schengen members as well as the EFTA Schengen members, up to its validity and timeframe.
So the countries you can travel using a schengen visa are
Austria, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. Plus Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus and Romania
The visa policy can be found here : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visa_policy_of_the_Schengen_Area
These countries apply the common visa policy for short stay visas
More details can be found here : eeas.europa [pdf]