Communist resistance groups in the Nazi German military
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The Red Orchestra (so code-named by the Gestapo, in contrast to the Black Orchestra, which were German conservatives against Hitler) were among the most famous communist resisters of Hitler and the Nazis. Some of their members, such as Harro Schulze-Boysen, were military soldiers or (in Schulze-Boysen's case) Luftwaffe-men operating in occupied eastern Europe. Schulze-Boysen was credited by the Gestapo with causing the deaths of a number of Gestapo spies during the Spanish Civil War because, as the Gestapo later found out, he was passing on their names to the leftist soldiers in the war (see Canaris by Heinz Hoehne, New York: Cooper Square Press, 1999, 241-2).
Schulze-Boysen and fellow conspirators Hans and Hilde Coppi were working in Poland in 1942 when the Oberkommando des Heeres (Army High Command), having deciphered their secret communications with Moscow, arrested them. Boysen, the Coppis, another co-conspirator, Arvid Harnack, and Harnack's wife were all put to death.
Upvote:-4
I saw a documentary. In there it was said the soviet union gave nazi Germany 1 million soviet soldiers. Therefore, it may be obvious that after Germany invaded Russia, some resistence was built by those delegated soviet soliders. I dont know where those soviets soldiers were stationed :(
Upvote:-1
There were a lot of German soldiers who surrendered because of their convictions and among them were many Communists. A soldier with Communist convictions most likely would surrender rather than organize resistance.
Upvote:1
Certainly in the later stages of WW2 a lot of Soviet prisoners of war were drafted into the Wehrmacht, given a choice of signing up and fighting for Germany or being sent to the death camps.
Many of them in turn ended up as garrison troops in low priority areas like Norway where questionable loyalty under fire from allied forces was less of a problem.
It's more than likely that quite a few of them were loyal communists and would have remained so, they after all were survivors of the purges of the 1930s and thoroughly indoctrinated with Stalinist mantra from childhood.
As such it wouldn't surprise me if some of them at least kept up contacts with local communist (and most of those were under Soviet control directly or indirectly) groups in the areas where they were stationed.
But do remember that there was very little communist influence in Europe left from the 1920s onward (and into the 1990s at least) that was not controlled by the USSR either directly or through proxies like Bulgaria. So the last paragraph doesn't really make much sense.
Some of those groups may have thought they were not under Soviet control, but only if their controllers hid the identity of their benefactors and controllers from those groups, which might have happened in cases where the Soviets were less than certain about the loyalty of the group to the Soviet cause.
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