Has there ever been an attempted military takeover of a democracy in the western world?
Upvote:2
I would characterize the 1973 overthrow of Chile's Salvador Allende by GENERAL Augosto Pinochet as an example of a "military takeover of a democracy in the western world."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende
Chile was a western democracy in 1973. People might debate as to whether or not it was "advanced."
Upvote:3
Rather a lot of Western European countries spent the modern era vascilating between Democratic and Authoritarian governments. This is common enough that it is common when talking about the modern history of said countries to refer to a period as either "The nth Republic" or "The nth Monarchy/Empire/Reich/Whatever".
Countries in this boat include Portugal, Spain, France, Germany, Italy, etc.
Upvote:5
Britain, dictatorship 1653-1658
France, absolute monarchy until 1789, then dictatorship (1799), absolute empire (1804), again monarchy (1814), then dictatorship (1848) and absolute empire again (1852).
Germany, absolute monarchy (1871-1918), then dictatorship (1933)
Spain, absolute monarchy before 1873, restoration of monarchy by a coup (1874-1931), dictatorship 1936-1975
Finland, dictatorship 1939-1945
Italy, dictatorship (1922)
Note that regimes which were not mentioned as dictatorships are not necessarily democratic either.
Upvote:9
Poland - ("Zamach majowy" - May coup) - parliamentary democracy from 1918, successful coup d'etat of Józef Piłsudski in May 1926, and then authoritarian rule of Piłsudski's party up to 1939.
Upvote:12
The 1973 Pinochet coup in Chile seems to fit the criteria you outline. A democratically elected president of a Western country ousted by the military.
The 1973 Chilean coup d'état was a watershed event of the Cold War and the history of Chile. Following an extended period of social and political unrest between the conservative-dominated Congress of Chile and the elected socialist President Salvador Allende, Allende was overthrown in a coup d’état.
The junta was composed of the heads of the Air Force, Navy, Carabineros (police force) and the Army, though Pinochet eventually arose to supreme power within a year after the coup, formally assuming the presidency in late 1974. Pinochet later assumed power and ended Allende's elected Popular Unity government, instigating a campaign of terror on its supporters which included the murder of former Foreign Minister Orlando Letelier. Before Pinochet's rule, Chile had for decades been hailed as a beacon of democracy and political stability in a South America plagued by military juntas and Caudillismo.
Upvote:14
Quite a few of them, especially in Central and South America.
Here are lists of attempted and successful coups d'etat, listed by date in the former, by nation in the latter.
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