Was lying morally wrong in Medieval Europe?
Upvote:8
Re "deception was common in the market place" - both the cities and the guilds fiercely controlled the quality of merchandise offered.
Since you mentioned bread, punishments for cheating about the weight of bread included having literally to wade through shit in front of the public, or being locked into a cage and being dunked into water while being mocked by the assembled crowd.
This does not sound like cheating was considered acceptable.
The TV documentation (German) "Ein Tag im Mittelalter" (a day in the middle ages) explains a bit about guild regulations (starting at 34.55). Punishment for the violation of guild rules (which includes deviating from the quality standards set by the "Zünfte", the guilds) is explicitly referred to as "Ehrenstrafen", i.e. "dishonoring punishment". So apart from tangible consequences (which might very well exclude being barred from your profession and/or exile) public humiliation was intended to be a huge part of your punishment. This might indicate that violations were not that rare, but it certainly means they were not considered acceptable.
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