What were the American-equipped armies of Nationalist China equipped with?
score:6
It's difficult to speak of "typical" because in reality, equipment distribution was highly variable and carried out under haphazard circumstances. Undoubtedly, the best and most completely equipped Nationalist armies were those participating in the Chinese Expeditionary Force. These armies consisted of triangular formation divisions, each of which were, in theory, supposed to have:
- 12x 75mm mountain guns on the divisional level
- 6x heavy machine guns, 2x bazooka, and 2x81mm motar per battalion
- 9x light machine guns, 18x Thompson submachine guns, and 6x 60mm mortars per company
Source:《民國軍事史》姜克夫 重慶出版社, 2009
In reality few units were ever equipped to this level, and certainly not before the Burma Road was reopened in the very last calendar year of the war. The situation within China was in comparison far more bleak. Generalissimo Chiang, for instance, famously denounced General Stilwell for hoarding airlifted equipment for the Burma expedition, alleging that by the end of his tenure in October of 1944:
In all, excepting the Yunnan Expeditionary Forces, the Chinese armies have received 60 mountain guns, 320 anti-tank rifles and 506 bazookas.
Romanus, Charles F., and Riley Sunderland. China-Burma-India Theater: Stilwell's Command Problems. Government Printing Office, 1953.
Even after substantial deliveries began to be made under Wedemeyer, equipment were distributed to armies which then handed them out as they see fit to subordinate divisions. Most supposedly Americanised divisions thus actually operated a Frankenstein mix of foreign and domestic arms.
The idea that the Nationalists had a vast army of well-equipped, modern units only ever really existed in Communist propaganda.
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