Was Lenin's 'Socialism and Religion' a reaction to something specific? What?
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The intra-party (party-internal) debate had been endemic until the late 1920-ies, so the leadership had to deal with dissent both from the left (e.g., отзовисты) and the right (e.g., ликвидаторы). Additionally, the external ideological threat from Christian socialism has always been strong in the backwards agrarian country such as Russia.
Lenin, the ultimate opportunist, was always prepared for a compromise if it promised a hope of advancing his cause (gaining/keeping control over the party/country). 1905 was the time of a revolution in Russia, so expanding the party was of paramount importance, which meant that ideological purity had to take second place to inclusiveness.
As for "a specific call to forbid Christians from joining the party" at that specific time, I don't think there was one - rather an endemic debate about ideological purity.
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