score:6
Google may or may not be your friend. I found what appears to be a book of quotes containing the following:
God did not become man so that man could become a theologian.
— Saint Ambrose
(Source.)
If that book can be trusted, I suppose that qualifies as "the exact quote and who said it", but it doesn't give a source or provide any context. Not exactly helpful...
There's also this, which cites an even less helpful source "I remember being told in a theology class in college"...
Upvote:1
This quote is very likely spurious, because it seems to disparage theologians, though it is attributed (again, without an exact reference) to St. Ambrose by the prominent lay Catholic theologian Ralph McInerny, in What Went Wrong with Vatican II: The Catholic Crisis Explained p. 96, where he explains "That means among other things that one need not be a theologian in order to be a Christian, or a saint."
St. Ambrose did write (Commentary on St. Luke's Gospel bk. 5 n. 46, p. 133):
He came down to meet our wounds, so that by associating with us He might make us sharers in His heavenly nature.
St. Augustine said in a Christmas sermon (xiii de Temp., as quoted by St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica III q. 1 a. 2 co.):
God was made man, that man might be made God.
factus est Deus h*m*, ut h*m* fieret Deus.