What is the real biblical reasons why Joseph & Mary did not offer a one year old lamb?

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Accepted answer

Luke 2:24:

And to offer a sacrifice, according as it is written in the law of the Lord, a pair of turtledoves or two young pigeons:

Venerable Bede commentates on this verse (quoted in St. Thomas Aquinas's Catena Aurea on Luke 2):

Now this was the victim of the poor. For the Lord commanded in the law that they who were should offer a lamb for a son or a daughter as well as a turtle dove or pigeon; but they who were not able to offer a lamb should give two turtle doves or two young pigeons. Therefore the Lord, though he was rich, deigned to become poor, that by his poverty He might make us partakers of His riches.

See also Cornelius Γ  Lapide, S.J.'s commentary on Luke 2:24:

Tropologically, the turtle-doves and the pigeons which the woman used to offer for her sin, i.e., her defilement or legal uncleanness, signified the groaning or compunction of the penitent by which sins are expiated, especially when they accompany the sacrament of expiation.

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