Is Unterbrink's theory that the Judas of Galilee in Acts 5 is Jesus tenable?
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This theory is not at all plausible.
Judas the Galilean is known to us from 2 sources: Luke (Acts 5:37) & Josephus (e.g. Antiquities 18.1). Both sources also make reference to Jesus and know Him as a distinct individual.
Thus the problem boils down as follows:
- If either Luke or Josephus (or both) is a reliable historical source with respect to Judas, Judas the Galilean is definitely not the same person as Jesus.
- If neither Luke nor Josephus is a reliable historical source on this matter, we have no evidence that Judas the Galilean ever existed.
Additionally, Judas the Galilean died in approximately AD 6 (though there is a minority view that he died a few years earlier). Jesus was put to death under Pontius Pilate (this is established by both Christian and non-Christian sources); Pilate didn't come into office in Judea until AD 26.
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