Do Catholics believe that God is actively "fighting" Satan?
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God through Jesus Christ or God-made-man Jesus Christ is the devil's conqueror
CCC 539 The evangelists indicate the salvific meaning of this mysterious event: Jesus is the new Adam who remained faithful just where the first Adam had given in to temptation. Jesus fulfills Israel's vocation perfectly: in contrast to those who had once provoked God during forty years in the desert, Christ reveals himself as God's Servant, totally obedient to the divine will. In this, Jesus is the devil's conqueror: he "binds the strong man" to take back his plunder.1 Jesus' victory over the tempter in the desert anticipates victory at the Passion, the supreme act of obedience of his filial love for the Father.
1. Cf. Ps 95:10; Mk 3:27
The LORD achieves his definitive victory when he come again. Until then, the war and its battles continue
CCC 2853 Victory over the "prince of this world"2 was won once for all at the Hour when Jesus freely gave himself up to death to give us his life. This is the judgment of this world, and the prince of this world is "cast out."3 "He pursued the woman"4 but had no hold on her: the new Eve, "full of grace" of the Holy Spirit, is preserved from sin and the corruption of death (the Immaculate Conception and the Assumption of the Most Holy Mother of God, Mary, ever virgin). "Then the dragon was angry with the woman, and went off to make war on the rest of her offspring."5 Therefore the Spirit and the Church pray: "Come, Lord Jesus,"6 since his coming will deliver us from the Evil One.
2. Jn 14:30.
3. Jn 12:31; Rev 12:10.
4. Rev 12:13-16.
5. Rev 12:17.
6. Rev 22:17,20.
Please see also CCC 677.
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Source: stackoverflow.com
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