What is the basis for an omnipotent God allowing imperfect transmission of his Word?

so Steve,

Assuming:

1. God is all powerful
2. The Bible is inspired
3. There are copy mistakes that occur

did you mean to omit assumptions that we can know the mind of God?

that we can reason as God does?

because the answer is pretty simple if we can admit and come to terms with the fact that we can do neither.

Paul's answer is in 2 Thess 2:11-12. I don't know whether he buys into all your leading premises or not, but it does address the final question:

11 And for this cause God shall send them strong delusion, that they should believe a lie: 12 That they all might be damned who believed not the truth, but had pleasure in unrighteousness. (2 Thess 2:11-12 KJV)

God is purposefully deceiving those who take pleasure in unrighteousness, enabling them to convince themselves that unrighteousness is OK and they'll still make it to heaven due to faith alone and OSAS. This deception itself comes from Paul's own epistles!!! So God has a purpose in allowing even some false doctrine into the Bible.

In other words, God's operating assumptions are that the good-hearted will take up the good message, and the evil-hearted the evil message, and thus he has allowed some tares into the wheat, knowing that the good will reject them and the evil eat them right up.

Your main dilemma here is on the authenticity of the Bible.

On the authenticity of the Bible: It is indeed a complicated topic to discuss about the authenticity of the Bible. However, there are enough manuscripts available to produce the original text of the Bible. This question "How authentic is Codex Sinaiticus?" may help you get a better idea on original texts. From my observation, 99 percent of the texts in the Bible is preserved. Though God entrusted his words to us, since we are human, we make mistakes. But it is a miracle that the Bible have survived till today!

Translation problems: Since the Bible is well preserved, we still have the original texts. The only problem we have now is in translation. The languages used in the Bible are too old and hard to understand. Classical Hebrew and Classical Greek are hard to translate. This is the reason why we have many versions of the Bible.

On Doctrine: Though there can be many translations of the Bible, the core teachings of the Bible cannot be changed. The Church Fathers had laid the foundation for the doctrines which Christians must believe. One such example is the Apostles' Creed, which says...

I believe in God the Father Almighty, Maker of heaven and earth: And in Jesus Christ his only Son our Lord, Who was conceived by the Holy Ghost, Born of the Virgin Mary, Suffered under Pontius Pilate, Was crucified, dead, and buried: He descended into hell; The third day he rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, And sitteth on the right hand of God the Father Almighty; From thence he shall come to judge the quick and the dead. I believe in the Holy Ghost; The holy Catholic Church; The Communion of Saints; The Forgiveness of sins; The Resurrection of the body, And the Life everlasting. Amen. (Book of Common Prayer)

So...

Is God messy in delivering His lover letter to us? Not at all! It is humans who made a mess on God's word. Though we did not preserve God's word 100 percent accurately, it doesn't mean we are changing the words of God. God will still fulfill His promises and His prophesies just as He did in the past. The earth may pass away and all the Bibles in this world may all extinct but God's words will remain the same.

Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away. (Luke 21:33, NIV)

What you are asking about is the rationale behind a doctrine called 'the preservation of Scripture'. The doctrine basically seeks to answer whether or not God will preserve his infalliable message, even though it is transmitted by fallable men.

How are the Scriptures Transmitted? (A Primer on Preservation)

A straw man would pit Jesus saying, "Surely I tell you not one jot nor tittle of the law shall pass away," against obvious copyist errors such as the Adulterer's Bible. Usually, the position comes down to: "The original autographs were perfect, and God has made sure that we know what the truth is."

Background reading:

• For a strong case examining the applicability of various scriptural supports for the position, this paper from The Master's Seminary Journal does a very good job of bringing out the relevant texts and assessing them. I'm not going to reproduce it, except to say, it brings out the relevant proof texts.

• Furthermore, preservation is a doctrine that must stem from the assumption of infalliablity, as this article by combs in The Detroit Baptist Seminary Journal points out. This article goes into depth on the history and the extent of the problem, and gives a broader theological framework for understanding the issue.

• Finally, Karl Barth's idea of the "Word of God" being a more potent force than the Scriptures themselves informs another way through the dilemma.

Why Rely on Falliable People?

Your question, however, is why God would even give rise to a situation where preservation is a subject that need be argue.

Roman Catholics

Roman Catholics have a simple answer here: The Magesterium (i.e. the Church) has the authority to interpret God's Word, and therefore there is a direct mechanism by which God can preserve and tailor his message. By placing the preservation of his Word in living beings rather than a mechanical tool, God has the ability to tailor his Word to different circumstances while still remaining immutable and impassive i.e. He doesn't change, even if we do.

Evangelicals

For evangelicals such as myself, I would suggest that a necessary answer would involve two assumptions:

1. God is a person, not a principle

2. God desires faith, even more than obedience.

If these are true, then necessarily several other key parts of the argument become obvious.

1. As a person, God's "manners" would mean that he would not force a person into any position. If God's desire is to see his people grow, then allowing them to struggle with doctrine is part of his plan.

2. If God desires faith, then he would necessarily allow for a contrary position to anything he says.

3. If God's concerns are pastoral moreso than even doctrinal, then in some circumstances, it makes sense for his people to be drawn more to certain parts than others. That means his message will necessarily be reinterpreted at different times. When, for example, man got it into his head that slavery was okay, I believe that God used his existing Word and remphasized different parts to correct it. But, to allow for faith, he had to allow man to misinterpret and mniscontextualize his word along the way.

4. If God can use even errors in transmission, it highlights and models his own love for his own fallen creation. A perfect God perfectly capable of perfectly transmitting his own Word chooses instead to allow his fallen creation to participate in his plan, albeit imperfectly. It shows that God hasn't given up on us.

5. It gives people a chance to exercise the critical faculties He endowed us with in the beginning.

In short, yes, God could have sent a blazing message - but it wouldn't have accomplished what he wanted. He wants people to work to know Him, in order to draw people to Him. He regularly takes imprefect things and works them together for His good. It is simply in His nature to do so.