Upvote:2
The European Rail Timetable and its predecessor the Thomas Cook European Timetable contain information about a variety of trains throughout Europe, and, being print books, old editions do not auto-update, so if you can find a copy that was current for the date you are interested in, it will contain the historical information you seek.
Note that not all trains, nor all stations on each line, are included in these timetables, but they are quite comprehensive and usually show all of the most important (and even only slightly important) routes.