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The short answer to your question is none, but only when asking about Canada, that is, at the federal level. Health insurance in Canada comes under provincial jurisdiction so it's up to each province to determine how they cover you abroad.
That said, provinces don't have individual agreements with countries but rather they're required to provide care at the home rate and may not cover everything.
When outside the country, coverage is required to be at home-province/territory rates. As a result, health care services received abroad may not be fully covered by a provincial or territorial health insurance plan
See here for a list of provincial health websites, and a couple of examples of what Alberta and Ontario provide for you outside the country.