Upvote:2
John 2:15 And when he had made, as it were, a scourge [whip] of little cords, he drove them all out of the temple, the sheep also and the oxen: and the money of the changers he poured out, and the tables he overthrew.
Note that Matthew 21:12 and the other Synoptics don't mention the scourge/whip (σχοινίον).
St. Augustine (as quoted by St. Thomas Aquinas in his Catena Aurea on Jn. 2) says He literally scourged/whipped them:
Our Lord intended a meaning to be seen in His making a scourge (flagellum) of small cords, and then He scourged (flagellavit) those who were carrying on the merchandise in the temple. Every one by his sins twists for himself a cord, in that he goes on adding sin to sin.
St. Cyril's Commentary on John 2 compares the Jews' folly to slaves deserving corporal punishment:
Reasonably is the Saviour indignant at the folly of the Jews. […] He shows His emotion not by mere words, but with stripes and a scourge thrusts He them forth of the sacred precincts, justly devising for them the punishment befitting slaves; for they would not receive the Son Who through faith maketh free.