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The 3 major creeds that every good Catholic knows about are
The Nicene Creed (aka the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed)
There are definitely others, but if you want the 3 most oft repeated ones, you can see the rest of them here seems to me that wiki article is lacking a few creeds.
Now, to find their meaning consider whether the following commandments are in the Bible.
If you love me, you will keep my commandments
Always be ready to give an explanation to anyone who asks you for a reason for your hope
And what you heard from me through many witnesses entrust to faithful people who will have the ability to teach others as well.
So, that is why there are creeds. So that we may keep the faith, so that we can defend the faith and so that we can pass it down.