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Yes, the Bible teaches that we are to be conformed into the image of Christ:
Romans 8:29: For those God foreknew he also predestined to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he might be the firstborn among many brothers and sisters.
1 Corinthians 15:49: And just as we have borne the image of the earthly man, so shall we bear the image of the heavenly man.
2 Corinthians 3:18: And we all, who with unveiled faces contemplate the Lordβs glory, are being transformed into his image with ever-increasing glory, which comes from the Lord, who is the Spirit.
Philippians 3:21: who, by the power that enables him to bring everything under his control, will transform our lowly bodies so that they will be like his glorious body.
In the new creation God's people will be renewed and remade: primarily freeing us from the power of sin, but also physically, healing any injury and allowing us to avoid all future harm. We will share in Christ's incorruptibility.
But this has nothing to do with transhumanism. I don't think it's a good comparison. People have been augmenting their bodies for millennia. But we're still sinful, corrupt and corruptible human. There's no "elevated state" without resurrection and freedom from sin.
Upvote:1
We start attaining Divine nature as we grow in faith, thus partaking of the nature of Christ who is a perfect Divine being yet fully Human.
2 Peter 1:2-4 Grace and peace be multiplied unto you through the knowledge of God, and of Jesus our Lord, According as his divine power hath given unto us all things that pertain unto life and godliness, through the knowledge of him that hath called us to glory and virtue: Whereby are given unto us exceeding great and precious promises: that by these ye might be partakers of the divine nature, having escaped the corruption that is in the world through lust.
As we grow in the Knowledge of God, as we claim the mighty promises given us in His word, we partake of the Divine Nature and become more and more Christ-like.