Does Romans 13:1-2 contradict the actions of civil disobedience taken by the apostles?
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No. A subordinate authority cannot override a superior one. This is primarily a question of (simple) logic, as opposed to one of religion proper. Thus, if you listen to me because your father told you to, and the first thing I tell you is not to listen to your father, then why would you obey me in the first place, given that the sole reason for your obedience towards me was your previous subjection to your father's authority ? In other words, it is the (theo)logical equivalent of cutting off the branch one is sitting on.
(The writer of this answer does not regard disobeying pandemic-related bans on public assembly under [false] pretenses of piety as [theo]logically valid — though the OP himself never explicitly hinted at such, I just want to make sure my words are not twisted).
Upvote:2
The fifth commandment says:
KJV Exodus 20:12 Honour thy father and thy mother: that thy days may be long upon the land which the LORD thy God giveth thee.
But the Bible explains this further:
KJV Ephesians 6:1-3 Children, obey your parents in the Lord: for this is right. Honour thy father and mother; (which is the first commandment with promise;) That it may be well with thee, and thou mayest live long on the earth. (Emphasis added)
To obey parents is keeping the fifth commandment, yet it has to be in the Lord. That is, if parents ask the children to do something against the word of God, children should refuse to do so.
The same principle applies to everything. The first commandment and the greatest is this:
KJV Matthew 22:37-38 Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment.
Everything is subordinate to this commandment. When asked to disobey God by the rulers, the apostles answered
KJV Acts 4:19 But Peter and John answered and said unto them, Whether it be right in the sight of God to hearken unto you more than unto God, judge ye.
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